Calendar: May 16

A Year: Day to Day Men: 16th of May

Orange Trimline Phone

May 16, 1919 was the birthdate of Wladziu Valentino Liberace, the American singer, pianist and actor.

Liberace was born in West Allis, Wisconsin. His father was an immigrant from central Italy and his mother was of Polish descent. Liberace was born ‘en caul”, which in some cultures is indicative of genius, good luck or the promise of a prosperous future. He began playing the piano at age four. By the age of seven he was already memorizing difficult pieces and studying the technique of the Polish pianist Ignacy Pederewski.

In 1934 at age 15, he played jazz piano with a school group called “The Mixers” and later with other groups. He also showed an interest in draftsmanship, design, and painting, and became a fastidious dresser and follower of fashion. By this time, he was already displaying a penchant for turning eccentricities into attention-getting practices, and earned popularity at school.

Liberace, at the age of twenty, played with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra on January 15, 1940, at the Pabst Theater in Milwaukee, performing Liszt’s Second Piano Concerto under the baton of Hans Lange, for which he received strong reviews. By the late 1940s he changed from a classical pianist to an entertainer and showman, unpredictably and whimsically mixing the serious with light fare. He also added interaction with the audience—taking requests, talking with the patrons and making jokes. He began to pay greater attention to such details as staging, lighting, and presentation. The transformation to entertainer was driven by Liberace’s desire to connect directly with his audiences, and secondarily from the reality of the difficult competition in the classical piano world.

In 1956, Liberace had his first international engagement, playing successfully in Havana, Cuba. He followed up with a European tour later that year. Always a devout Catholic, Liberace considered his meeting with Pope Pius XII a highlight of his life. In 1960, Liberace performed at the London Palladium with Nat King Cole and Sammy Davis Jr. This was the first televised ‘command performance’, now known as the Royal Variety Performance, for Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.

Liberace died on the late morning of February 4, 1987 at his retreat home in Palm Springs, California. He was 67 years old. His body is entombed at Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles. In 1994 the Palm Springs Walk of Stars dedicated a Golden Palm Star to him. Liberace was recognized during his career with two Emmy Awards, six gold albums, and two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Calendar: April 29

A Year: Day to Day Men: 29th of April

Lazy Sunday Morning

A pivotal figure in the history of jazz, Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington was born on April 29, 1899 in Washington, D.C.

Duke Ellington wrote his first composition “Soda Fountain Rag” in the summer of 1914 while working as soda jerk at the Poodle Dog Cafe. This piece was created by ear, as he had not yet mastered reading and writing music. At the age of 14, he began sneaking into poolrooms to listen to the poolroom pianists play, causing him to get serious about his piano lessons. With the guidance of Washington pianist and band leader Oliver “Doc” Perry, Ellington learned to read sheet music, project a professional style and improve his technique.

Ellington played in other band ensembles while at the same time working several day jobs. In late 1917 he formed and acted as booking agent for his first group “The Duke’s Serenaders”. He had a successful career in Washington D.C. playing for private society balls and embassy parties. When his drummer Sonny Greer was invited to join the Wilber Sweatman Orchestra in New York City, Ellington made the fateful decision to leave behind his successful career in Washington, D.C., and moved to Harlem, New York, ultimately becoming part of the Harlem Renaissance.

In 1925 Duke Ellington and his Kentucky Club Orchestra grew to a group of ten players; they developed their own sound by displaying the non-traditional expression of Ellington’s arrangements, the street rhythms of Harlem, and the exotic-sounding trombone growls and wah-wahs, high-squealing trumpets, and sultry saxophone blues licks of the band members.

In the late 1950s Ellington began to work directly on scoring for film soundtracks; one was the 1959 film “Anatomy of a Murder”, in which Ellington appeared fronting a roadhouse comb. Film historians have recognized the soundtrack of “Anatomy of a Murder” as a landmark – the first significant Hollywood film music by African Americans comprising non-diegetic music, that is, music whose source is not visible or implied by action in the film, like an on-screen band. The score avoided the cultural stereotypes which previously characterized jazz scores and rejected a strict adherence to visuals in ways that presaged the New Wave cinema of the 1960s.

Despite his advancing age in the 1960s and 70s, Ellington showed no sign of slowing down as he continued to make vital and innovative recordings: ‘The Far East Suite’, ‘New Orlean Suite’, ‘The Afro-Eurasian Eclipse’, and ‘Francis A and Edward K’, his only album recorded with Frank Sinatra. Ellington performed what is considered his final full concert in a ballroom at Northern Illinois University on March 20, 1974. At his funeral, attended by over 12.000 people at the cathedral of Saint John the Divine, Ella Fitzgerald summed up the occasion, saying “It’s a very sad day. A genius has passed”.

Calendar: April 1

A Year: Day to Day Men: 1st of April

Sea Adventure

April 1, 1895 is the birthdate of the American jazz singer and songwriter Alberta Hunter.

In her early teens Alberta Hunter began her singing career in small clubs in Chicago, Illinois. By 1914 she was receiving lessons from the prominent jazz pianist Tony Jackson who helped her expand her repertoire and compose her own songs. One of Hunter’s first notable experiences was singing at the Panama Club, a white-owned club with a white-only clientele. Her act was in the upstairs room where she began her development as an artist in front of a cabaret crowd of patrons. Her big break came when she was booked at Dreamland Cafe, singing with the cornet jazz musician King Oliver and his band.

Alberta Hunter first toured Europe in 1917, performing in Paris and London. Her career as a singer and songwriter flourished in the 1920s and 30s; she appeared in clubs and on stage in musicals both in London and New York. At this time she wrote the critically acclaimed song “Downhearted Blues” (1922). Alberta Hunter recorded prolifically during the 1920s, starting with sessions for Black Swan in 1921, Paramount in 1922-24, Gennett in 1924, Okeh in 1925-26, Victor in 1927 and Columbia in 1929.

In 1928, Hunter played the role of Queenie opposite Paul Robeson in the first London production of “Show Boat” at Drury Lane. She later performed in nightclubs throughout Europe and appeared in 1934 with Jack Jackson’s society orchestra in London. One of Hunter’s most known recordings with Jackson is the famous song “Miss Otis Regrets”. She later moved to New York City, performing with Bricktop, the American female dancer and jazz singer, and recording with Louis Armstrong and Sidney Bechet.

In the summer of 1976 , Alberta Hunter was connected with Barney Josephson, the legendary owner of the Greenwich Village club, The Cookery. He offered her a limited engagement at the club, which turned into a six year engagement and a revival of her music career after a fifteen year absence from the profession. Impressed by her press reviews, John Hammond signed Hunter to Columbia Records, where she made three albums.

Alberta Hunter was inducted to the Blues hall of Fame in 2011 and the Memphis Music Hall fo Fame in 2015. Her comeback album produced by Columbia Records, “Amtrack Blues”, was honored by the Blues Hall of Fame in 2009.

Calendar: March 17

Year: Day to Day Men: March 17

Morning’s Red Splendor

The seventeenth of March in 1916 marks the birth date of Ray Ellington, an English singer, drummer and bandleader. He specialized in jazz but experimented with many other genres. Ellington’s musical style was heavily influenced by songwriter and saxophonist Louis Jordan’s up-tempo hybrid of jazz, blues, and boogie-woogie.

Born Henry Pitts Brown in Kennington, London, Ray Ellington was the youngest of four children to Eva Stenkell Rosenthal and Harry Pitts Brown, an African-American music hall comedian. After his fathe’s death in 1920, he was raised as an Orthodox Jew and, beginning in 1924, attended the South London Jewish School until 1930. Ellington entered show business at the age of twelve with his first acting appearance on a London stage.

In 1937, Ellington joined Harry Roy and His Orchestra as the band’s drummer. At his first session with the band, he did vocals along with his drumming for the 1937 song “Swing for Sale”. In May of 1940, Ellington was called for military service. He joined the Royal Air Force and became a physical training instructor for the course of the war. Ellington also played in service bands including the RAF’s Blue Eagles in 1945.

After demobilization, Ray Ellington resumed his music career with a group of his own musicians that played at London’s The Bag O’Nails club. After rejoining Harry Roy’s orchestra for a couple of months, he formed the Ray Ellington Quartet in 1947. Ellington’s band was one of the first in the United Kingdom to feature the simple guitar, bass, drums and piano format that became the basis of rock and roll. The band was also one of the first jazz bands in the United Kingdom to feature an amplified guitar.

The guitarist in the Ray Ellington Quartet was Trinidadian Lauderic Rex Caton, an autodidact on guitar who played professionally from the age of seventeen. He was also proficient on saxophone, double bass and banjo. Jazz pianist Dick Katz studied at the Peabody Institute, the Manhattan School of Music and the Juilliard School. He became the favorite pianist of Benny Carter, Coleman Hawkins and vocalists Carmen McRae and Helen Merrill. Jamaican-born George Coleridge Goode was the bassist and had recorded with Django Reinhardt the year before the quartet was formed. He had a long collaboration with alto saxophonist Joe Harriott and became involved with Harriott’s pioneering blend of jazz and Indian music, the Indo-Jazz Fusions.

From 1951 to 1960, the Ray Ellington Quartet had a regular music segment on “The Goon Show”, a radio comedy program broadcast by the BBC Home Service and occasionally the BBC Light Program. Musical performances alternated with scripted comedy segments. Occasionally Ellington would have small speaking roles in many of the episodes; no attempt was made to change his normal accent regardless the role.

Ray Ellington was married to British actress Anita West, who also co-hosted the BBC children’s program “Blue Peter”. They had two children, Nina and Lance. Lance Ellington became a singer who recorded several jazz-oriented albums. After a prolific forty-year recording career, Ray Ellington died of cancer on the twenty-seventh of February in 1985.

Notes: The online “The Seagoon Memoirs” has a short May 2022 article on Ray Ellington by Nick Reeves. The article includes photos, newspaper reviews and several videos including the Ray Ellington Quartet performing “Pink Champagne”. The article is located at: https://www.theseagoonmemoirs.com/post/ray-ellington

Jasmine Records issued a thirty-song collection in 2019 entitled “Ray Ellington: That Rock’n’Rollin’ Man” which contains several songs from his early to mid 1950s Columbia 78 rpm records.

Calendar: January 22

Year: Day to Day Men: January 22

The Bamboo Grove

The twenty-second of January in 1931 marks the birth date of American singer, songwriter and producer Samuel Cooke who, along with Ray Charles, became one of the most influential Black vocalists of the period after World War II.

Born Samuel Cook in Clarksdale, Mississippi, he was the fifth of eight children born to Reverend Charles Cook of the Church of Christ and Annie Mae Carroll. In 1933, the Cook family relocated to Chicago where Cooke attended Wendell Phillips Academy High School. At the age of six, Cooke sang in the choir of his father’s church and as a member of his siblings’ music group, the Singing Children. He joined the Highway Q. C.’s, an American gospel group, as lead singer at the age of sixteen.

In 1950 at age nineteen, Cooke replaced gospel tenor Robert H. Harris as lead singer of Harris’s gospel group The Soul Stirrers, who had just signed with Los Angeles’s Specialty Records. The group’s first recording under Cooke’s leadership was “Jesus Gave Me Water” in 1950. Other songs recorded by the group included Thomas Dorsey’s “Peace in the Valley” and Mollie Wilson’s “Jesus Paid the Debt”. Cooke was often credited with bringing a younger crowd of listeners to the genre of gospel music.

In 1957, Sam Cooke turned against the traditions of the Black musical community and decided to pursue pop music. To signal this new period in his life, he added the “e” to his surname. Cooke reinvented himself as smooth, romantic singer in the mold of Nat King Cole. He wrote many of his best songs, among which was his first hit “You Send Me” for Keen Records. In 1957, this song was number one on all the charts and established Cooke as a star. Between 1957 and 1964, Cooke had thirty songs in the top of the charts in the United States. Among these were “Chain Gang”, “Another Saturday Night”, “Wonderful World” and “A Change is Gonna Come”.

Cooke was one of the first Black performers and composers who administered the business side of music. He founded his own song publishing and management firm, Kags Music, in 1958 so he could own the copyrights to his music. Cooke also founded a record label, SAR Records, as a place where he could expand his artistic abilities and to give other struggling artists a venue to record. In 1963, he signed a five-year contract for businessman Alan Klein to manage both firms; Klein negotiated a deal with RCA Victor in which the company would get exclusive distribution rights in exchange for 6% royalty payments and payments for the recording sessions. Cooke, as a result, would receive preferred stock as an advance and yearly payments for the following four years.

Sam Cooke, however, was killed on December 11th of 1964 at the Hacienda Motel in South Central Los Angeles. Answering reports of shooting and a kidnapping, police found Cooke’s body with a gunshot wound to his chest, later determined to have pierced his heart. The motel owner, Bertha Franklin, said she shot Cooke in self-defense. There were no other witnesses on the scene; however, the hotel’s owner, Evelyn Carr, said she was talking to Franklin by phone at the time and had heard a conflict and gunshot.

As Carr’s testimony corroborated Franklin’s account and both passed polygraph tests, the coroner’s jury ultimately accepted both accounts and returned a verdict of justifiable homicide. With that verdict, the case was officially closed. Many of Cooke’s family and supporters rejected the verdict. Singer Etta James wrote that she had seen Cooke’s body before the funeral and questioned the accuracy of the official version due to the injuries she saw on Cooke’s body.

After two memorial services, one in Chicago and the second in Los Angeles, Samuel Cooke’s body was interred at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. Cooke’s album “Shake” and two singles, “Shake” and “A Change is Gonna Come”, were released posthumously. Cooke received multiple posthumous awards which included a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, and induction into both the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the National Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame. The title of his single “A Change is Gonna Come” is written on a wall of the Contemplative Court of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, DC.

Calendar: January 13

Year: Day to Day Men: January 13

Armand: Old English

The thirteenth of January in 1886 marks the birth date of Russian-born American entertainer Sophie Tucker who was known for her forceful delivery of comical and risqué songs. She received billing as ‘The Last of the Red-Hot Mammas’ due to the frequent sexual subject of her songs, an unusual topic for female performers after vaudeville’s decline. Tucker became one of the most popular entertainers in the United States during the first half of the twentieth-century.

Born Sofiya Sonya Kalish to a Jewish family in Tulchyn of the Russian Empire, Tucker immigrated to the United States with her family in September of 1887. The family settled in Boston for eight years and then relocated to Hartford, Connecticut where they opened a restaurant. In 1903 at the age of seventeen, Sofiya eloped with Louis Tuck and two years later gave birth to her son Albert. The couple separated after the birth and later divorced in 1913. After leaving her son with her parents, Tucker found work in New York City’s cafés and beer gardens where she sang for food and received tips from customers; most of her earnings were sent to her family for her son’s support.

Sophie Tucker made her first theatrical appearance at a vaudeville venue’s amateur night. A heavy-weight person, she added weight-related humor and songs to her acts. In 1909, Tucker performed in the Ziegfeld Follies and was noticed by William Morris, a theater owner and the future founder of Hollywood’s William Morris Talent Agency. Two years later, she released her first recording of Shelton Brooks’s “Some of These Days” which soon became her signature song; her 1926 version sold a million copies and stayed number one for five weeks. In 1921, Tucker hired songwriter and pianist Ted Shapiro as her musical director and accompanist. He would remain with Tucker for her entire career and often exchanged jokes with her between musical numbers.

Tucker became friends with Mamie Smith, the first African-American woman to make a blues recording, and Ethel Walters, who became the highest paid African-American recording artist at that time. It was Walters who introduced Tucker to jazz, a music form Tucker later introduced to her white vaudeville audiences. In 1925, lyricist Jack Selig Yellen wrote “My Yiddishe Momme” which became another of Tucker’s signature songs. Now a successful singer, Tucker’s fame spread to Europe and she began a tour of England which culminated in a performance at the London Palladium for King George V and Queen Mary.

In 1926 Sophie Tucker re-released her hit song “Some of These Days”. It sold over one million copies and was awarded a gold disc by the Recording Industry Association of America. Tucker made her film debut in 1929 with a lead role in Lloyd Bacon’s Pre-Code musical film “Honky Tonk” which featured a number of her famous songs. This early feature sound film is now considered lost, only the Vitaphone soundtrack and its trailer still exist. When vaudeville was becoming passe in the early 1930s, Tucker turned to nightclubs where she could continue to perform for live audiences.

During 1938 to 1939, Tucker had her own radio show on CBS, “The Roi Tan Program with Sophie Tucker” and made numerous appearances on such programs as “The Radio Hall of Fame” and “The Andrews Sisters’ Show”. In 1945, she created the Sophie Tucker Foundation, which supported various actors’ guilds, hospitals, synagogues, and Israeli youth villages. Tucker appeared on many popular talk and variety shows in the 1950s and 1960s among which were “The Tonight Show” and “The Ed Sullivan Show”.

Sophie Tucker served from 1938 to 1939 as president of the American Federation of Actors, an early trade union originally for vaudeville and circus performers that expanded to include nightclub performers. She continued to perform for the rest of her life with several tours to England; her singing at the Royal Variety Performance aired on the BBC. Tucker’s last television appearance was the color broadcast of the October 3, 1965 “Ed Sullivan Show” in which she sang “Give My Regards to Broadway” and her signature song “Some of These Days”.

Tucker died of lung cancer and kidney failure in February of 1966, at the age of eighty, in her New York, Park Avenue apartment. She had played shows at New York’s Latin Quarter just weeks before her death and had two years of engagements planned. Tucker is buried in Emanuel Cemetery in Wethersfield, Connecticut.

Note: Sophie Tucker’s 1926 version of “Some of These Days”, which featured Ted Lewis and His Band, can be found by entering the title in the search box.

Music History: Montserrat Caballé, “O Mio Babbino Caro”

Montserrat Caballé, “O Mio Babbino Caro” by Giacomo Puccini

December 22 is the birthday of Giacomo Puccini, in full Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini, who was born on December 22, 1858, in Lucca,Tuscany, Italy, He died on November 29, 1924 in Brussels, Belgium. He has been called “the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi”.

Puccini’s early work was rooted in traditional late-19th-century romantic Italian opera. Later, he successfully developed his work in the realistic verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents.

Puccini’s most renowned works are La Bohème (1896), Tosca (1900), and Madama Butterfly (1904), all of which are among the important operas played as standards.

In 1923, Puccini complained of a recurring sore throat and sought medical advice. Though an initial consultation turned up nothing serious, during a subsequent examination he was diagnosed with throat cancer. As the cancer had by that point progressed beyond where it could be operated upon, Puccini traveled to Brussels in 1924 for an experimental radiation treatment. Too weak to endure the procedure, he died in the hospital seven days later, on November 29, 1924. At the time of his death, Puccini had become the most commercially successful opera composer of all time, worth the equivalent of an estimated $200 million.

After an initial burial in Milan, in 1926 his body was moved to his Torre del Lago estate, where a small chapel was constructed to hold his remains. An opera celebration called “Festival Puccini” is held in the town every year in honor of its most famous resident.

(Source: https://www.youtube.com/)

Down by the Old Mill Stream

Photographer Unknown, (Down by the Old Mill Stream)

“Down by the Old Mill Steam”, written by Tell Taylor, became one of the most popular songs of the 1900s. The publisher, Forster Music Publisher, Inc., sold four million copies.

Taylor wrote the song in 1908 while sitting on the banks of the Blanchard River in Findlay, Ohio. It is said that his friends persuaded him not to publish the song, believing it had no commercial value. Forster Music published it in 1910 and introduced it to the public with performances by the vaudeville quartet ‘The Orpheus Comedy Four’. The group performed it at a Woolworh store in Kansas City, selling all one thousand copies of its sheet music that Taylor had brought to the event. It is now a staple song for barbershop quartets.